Metallography and Material Microscopy
The same steel, polished well or badly, looks like two different materials
There is an iron rule in metallography: preparation sets the ceiling and the microscope only decides whether you can see that ceiling. Etching depth, polish quality and sampling location change the microstructure so much that the same alloy can look like two different materials.
This topic covers preparation, reading the structure, the boundary between polarising and depth-of-field instruments, and what testing laboratories need for calibration and intermediate checks.
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